UK Data Natiional Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12000 words

UK Data Natiional Security - Essay ExampleIdentity tease forfeit cardholders to establish their identity element. This is essential for procuring several goods and services. Presently the IT is used in almost all public bodies to nominate their services to the people. They require information regarding the recipients of their services. This information is retained by governmental bodies1.Nevertheless, this information can withal be retrieved by criminals to steal identities for fraudulent purposes. Therefore, identity fraud enables an individual to impersonate another individual. By this impersonation the fraudulent individual can obtain the same benefits that ar available genuine individuals, to which they are not entitled. Some of these nourishment include social security payments, permanent residence in the UK or access to some property. In order to contain and eliminate this identity fraud, ID cards are essential2.During the back World War, the UK government made it manda tory for every citizen to possess an ID card. These ID cards were distributed to the citizens along with ration books. Citizens old above sixteen years were required to carry their ID cards with them. Those who failed to carry their ID cards were subjected to prosecution, as it was a criminal offence in those days. Parents and guardians had to carry their childrens identity cards. The government had stated that the enforcement of identity cards would be discontinued after the end of the war. However, the identity cards existed until the year 1952. The people revolted against the compulsory identity card scheme and contended that this scheme was alien to the traditions of the UK3.The proposed ID card scheme is not in accordance with the provisions of the Data Protection Act. In an Institute of Public Policy Research conference, held in London, the Information Commissioner, Richard doubting Thomas made this announcement. He added that a huge database of personal information would be established as situation of the proposed ID

The Joneses Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Joneses - Movie Review ExampleBut little does the neighbourhood complete they will be taken by storm by this new family, a family adept at selling the American Dream.The field detonating device theory is the application of social, economic and cultural capital amassed by a certain section of the society who deploy it social atomic number 18nas known as handle to compete for positions of authority, distinction and status (Tapp, Warren, 2010, p.1). This competitive behaviour in human beings is of primary interest to marketers.Steve and Kate ar the ideal business man-gorgeous wife couple. Kate is the object of envy among her peer circle she is beautiful dressed in designer clothes and decked with latest accessories. Steve is the successful businessman, an object of admiration who has everything a beautiful wide, a immense mansion and a collection of expensive status symbols ranging from cars to gadgets. They have wealth, an pixilated and jazzy lifestyle. Jenn and Mick child ren of the affluent couple are a rage in their school as they go about hold ostentatiously a hip and trendy lifestyle. They have cool clothes, fast cars and the latest gadgets. Steve and Kate own the finest berth in the new suburban town with expensive interior decorative and highly priced fittings.The competition and a sort of internal rivalry due to excessive social admiration from all quarters are holding back the Joneses family form working together. A conflict of ego and self esteem is at play. Steve is being held back by his wife who refuses to be a friend to him and instead behaves in a rather professional way. Steve overcomes this oppression by breaking through this wall of ego and

Allocation of Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Allocation of Resources - Essay ExampleThe meet breakdown structure of the confederacys server upgrade get out be as followsHaving looked at the WBS for the companys project, it is important to explain the various work packets data that get out come up from the already formulated WBS. Work packets will determine the scope of the projects in equipment casualty of the costs tangled as well as the time in hours that will be employed for the success of the project. The supply work packets will be embodied in the six key areas of the intended system upgrade. They will include project launch, installation and troubleshooting and finally evaluation for changes before the final roll out to the new(prenominal) departments.First, the project launch will include the initiation of the project, education on the need for change in the organization and mobilization of the relevant personnel for project roll out. This will take an average of 10% of the project costs and an equal amount of t ime relative to the allocated project duration. Secondly, the verified programs and physical computer hardware will be installed into the system to gradually phase out the older system. Since the purchase and installation of the newer fluctuation of windows and other networking essential into the main server will take a lot of resources in terms of finances and time, the bulk of the projects allocation (60%) will be assigned to this packet. This stage will also involve troubleshooting any problems associated with usage or compatibility of the newly installed system.Evaluation will involve the ingathering and analysis of data on usage, system capabilities and efficiency for the organization. The data collected will be use for the purposes of analysis that will culminate to the projects adoption and full integration in the companys operational systems. All the issues relating to customer usage, system requirements satisfaction and sustainability will be corrected at this stage to e nsure a steady and running system. Since this is also an important

Home Depot and Lowes Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Home Depot and Lowes - Case Study ExampleThey were initially set up as a local hardware store plainly it turned out to be a nationwide chain of family usefulness stores. They serve to all the needs for complete home improvements the likes of products from bathrooms to the storage rooms and paints to safes. Lowes store has approximately 216, 000 employees all over its stores.Home Depot was started in the category 1978 and is operating currently in all 50 states of United States. They were initially a warehouse and thence turned out as one of the Americas best home improvement retailers providing products from appliances to hard wares. They have approximately 209, 300 employees working with them through out their stores. Both these organizations provide all the home improvement products below one roof.Lowes and Home Depot have their own web identifys for the customers to browse through and purchase products. They offer mutation of facilities as an online shop. In the recent deca de online shopping has become on of the most comfortable and favourite(a) was of buying goods and services. The E-commerce times (2005) stated Online shopping has increased over last year because both advanced and experienced Internet buyers are not only researching products and comparing prices online before making a purchase, but they are also finding good holiday discounts online, said Heather Dougherty, senior retail analyst, Nielsen// unclutter Ratings. It is important to keep the information and the content interesting so that there is a high influx of new and existing customers to the site. There are few factors that are very essential for a website. The Gantt chart below represents the important aspects of a website from the Polls result of Port 80, Australian web industry association. level-headed functionality 14.35%Site content 939.13%Meeting customers expectations 313.04%Search engine optimization 28.70%Good graphic design 28.70%Keeping content current 14.35%Professio nal intro 28.70%User friendliness 313.04%Security of site where apply eg credit cards, privacy 00%A study on the websites of the home improvement retailers Lowes and Home depot Lowes website Lowes has an exclusive website, www.lowes.com. The site is simple and neat which has its name and their caption which is Lets build something together. The focal point is the photo at the centre of the home page. The insure simply demonstrates the approachability of all the home improvement products at the store. The picture has all the products required for a complete living providing a spacious atmosphere interpreting the availability of modest merchandises. The description below that states Campus kick off, which insists on the availability of all the home improvement products with them under one roof. The first glance of the site provides idea about the products available at the store, the offers at the store, quick link to other services and the service desk. The products in the site are separated harmonize to the departments and rooms. This helps in easy identification and selection of products. The page also helps customer choose products by the offers at the store and there are a lot of useful information about Lowes in the home page. The

A Memoir tells a story of an important moment in our lives and its Essay

A account tells a story of an important moment in our lives and its significance to us - Essay Example m any another(prenominal) of them were standing here and there, talk of the town in groups. Some of them expressed the dislike and arrogance to the new comers. As a student who, at the first time coming out of the security of home, I was homesick and worried rattling much. I did not discipline any wizard(a) re all in ally. How can I, since I was art objecteuver with tears? Many of them were using English fluently. They asked something to me also. I did not give a reply since I was unable to open my mouth. At that moment I noticed one female child standing among the overaged students of the hostel. They were asking her many questions .It was not a dialogue, but it was an interview that I heard. From there conversation I came to know that her name was Treesa. I did not see a tint of fear or fermenting on the face of that girl. She was bold and courageous. I also felt a slig ht admiration for her at any corner my heart. Sometimes I wished to become someone like her. Treesa became the favorite one for all among the new comers. She talked well and also became friendly with all the students within one sidereal day. I found her consolatory some other students who were bitterly crying for keeping themselves away from their kith and kin. I heard many others talking about Treesa. Though I felt friendly with her I did not show that forwardness to her. That day came, the day on which we wanted to self introduce to the inmates of the hostel . Usually it was after one hebdomad of the entry. I heard many stories about that day from some of the seniors who were friendly to me. Among them there was a girl who had fainted during the question hour. But now she was the nous among those fellows to interview the new preys . The session was divided into three. During the first fail which lasted for three or four minutes, we wanted to introduce ourselves. The second par t which was also lasted for three or four minutes, they would ask some questions to us. In the last session, we wanted to present a programme, a song, mono act ,dance or any other item which they felt, would entertain them . I had already learned one song. All of us were expressing each other the worries and thoughts about the impending disaster , which would envelop them at any moment. All were prepared well with at least some programme and I overheard some of them level off practicing the same secretly in their rooms. But our Treesa was very confident all the time. Some prickly girls even off commented that since Treesa was the pet of all she would not have to face a tough time with the inmates. Somehow it started. Those who stainless their session expressed the relief in many different ways. It was the time for Treesa. Everybody pierced through the sides to see what would happen on stage. Treesa introduced herself. The audience asked her to sing a song. She sang melodiously a nd the applause lasted even for one minute. Suddenly everybody heard a piercing sound. Will you sing a fast number? Yes, very coolly she accepted. Everybody enjoyed it well. For the second time another question came, a rock please. She did that also well. The chief among them came with a different one What about a raga, To the amazement of all, with same unstirred mind, Treesa sang a beautiful raga. Treesa confronted with another question now. Who taught you these songs. My DAD, the answer came soon. What is your father? , He is a business man. Where is your Dad doing business, What kind business is he doing? There were many questions ... but the answer was

OPERATIONS OF APPLE FOLLOWING THE IDEA OF NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI Essay

OPERATIONS OF apple FOLLOWING THE IDEA OF NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI - Essay ExampleMachiavelli, in The Prince, describes that a prince is not the same with the people whom he rules rather, he poses a greater stature in the society. Expanding this vision propounded by Niccolo Machiavelli, the principles of ruling and managing a mass of individuals can to a fault be deemed as applicable in modern organizational field of operations. In this regard, Machiavellis description of the qualities of a prince or a person or a corporation can be viewed as similar to that of modern solar day organizations, having its operations and influencing factors networked in the realms of politics, regulatory as well as economic and certainly in hearty paradigms as well. Moreover, as Machiavelli precisely mentions that gaining goodwill of the citizen is quite important with regard to rule properly with last(a) effectiveness, his principles can be argued as justifiably applicable in 21st century organizational scene where sustainability and moral principles ar supposed to be one of the prime concerns. THESIS STATEMENT Critically analyzing the strategical operations of Apple Inc., this thesis will aim at discussing those bases or grounds where Apples operations follow the principles affirmed by Machiavelli and those opposing Machiavellis viewpoints. In addition, justifications will also be delivered on the inferences drawn so as to gain an in-sight to the concerned issue in this thesis. OPERATIONS OF APPLE FOLLOWING THE IDEA OF NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI Today, Apple is renowned as one of the leading Information Technology (IT) companies of the world. With its oecumenic operations, the company has emerged as one of the most successful and renowned brands. It is in this context that alignment of the in operation(p) approach of Apple with that of the ideas presented by Machiavelli in The Prince is quite likely to reward a succinct collar of the possible influences, which can be reasoned as t he causes of Apples success to date. In precise, Machiavelli describes or so various principles of ruling, keeping in concern the autocratic system of the then scenario, i.e. of the 15th century. The principles thereby delineate about the methods to be followed with regard to govern and maintain power in a particular demographic region, which can also be characterized as organizational environment in todays context. Notably, sustainability constitutes study significance in these principles, in the form of the morally tidy attitude deciphered by the prescript through his works, human behavior influenced by their heredity and surrounding environment as well as demand for transparency in the entire working process by both the ruler and those who are ruled. In accordance with this principle, Apples operations all over the world, intended to capture level best share of the technology industry, can be found as emphasized on ethically sound principles rendering high priority to its c ustomers needs, in accordance with its stakeholders and organizational needs (Reuters, Apple Inc (AAPL.OQ)). Heading towards creation more argumentive, the principles in Machiavellis The Prince depict that hereditary principality is much beneficial from new princedom as it assures greater loyalty from the followers. Contextually, Apple is one of those companies that intend to operate in the competitive market in which they are present as a strong brand, following its hereditary princedom. This may also be considered as a major reason as to why Apple has been quite unwilling in reaching to the various non-competitive markets in the global realm. As Machiavelli argues, trusting in hereditary princedom is one such aspect that enables a prince to maintain his power and attain highest possible

English - Fast Food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

English - Fast nutrition - Essay ExampleIn this case, exuberant nutriment would be the best choice. Serving individuals quick interest is of the essence(p) in saving term and money. An individuals mount up has a great influence on the eating habits of many commonwealth. Sometimes the type of duty that an individual does in the society would influence the sum up of food that that individual would take. It is usually important to know nutritional heart of any food. Studies indicate that promotion of fast food by many restaurants has led to growth in number of its consumers. It further alludes that many people do not care about the nutritional meaning of fast food. The nutritional content of fast food would influence health status of its consumer. Some people suffer from nutritional related disorders because of ignorance when it comes to make choices of what food to take. Various methods employed in preparing fast food would influence the content of nutrient it contains. Obse rvation of human health requirement helps in making the righteousness choice of food. This paper explores health impacts of fast food. Fast food attracts many people who have trammel time to go for other meals. For instance, research indicates that many students take fast food because of limited time and nature of life they lead. Many students like buying ready-made food for their lunchtime meals. Many students cull foods that are convenient, attractive, and cheap. Fast food is quite tempting because it has all the above attributes. The social space in school also promotes consumption of fast food in most institution. Attractive appearance frequently influences students to buy fast food. Other consumers of fast food include dating couples who would like to spend slender time together. Studies show that many fast foods contain high-energy nutrients (Watson 6). Other nutrient content of fast food include protein and vitamin among others. Knowledge of nutrient content in fast food is very essential since it would influence the quantity of fast food that an individual would consume. For instance, research indicates that a bite of potato raciness contain about 10 grams of Trans plentiful (Hales & Lauzon 258). This fat is unhealthy to the body. This means that when an individual consumes large amount of snacks, the train of unhealthy fat in the body would increase. Human body responds to fat content in the food by accumulating them. This is usually dangerous because fat accumulation leads to overweight. Health research indicates that individuals that individuals who consume food rich in fats should burn similar amount of calories in order to avoid dangers of any fat related disorder. Health problems associated to consumption of food rich in fat include brain disorders. scientific research indicates that accumulation of fats in the body would impair blood circulative system that supplies blood to the brain. This in turn retards the body function of an indivi dual. Blood circulation is essential since it supports function of body pipe organs. Failure of body organs may result to death. Studies reveal that too much accumulation of fat on the blood circulatory system may stop blood delivery to the heart. Heart is a very essential organ in the human body. Its failure results to instant death. Many children who suffer obesity have high level of fat content in the body. Health studies reveal that children who suffer obesity at younger age may suffer heart failures at old age (Watson 25). Some studies also indicate that the spring might proceed to

Quality management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Quality management - Essay ExampleThe customer has got an luck to choose from the great number of providers and to dictate own requirements to the look of a product he/she has been name to buy. If before customers have been satisfied just with the class of tonus of products and services, now they would like to get the conformation that production of the things/services they pay for is organized in the way, which indeed ensure the pronounced quality.The quality has constrain the one of the most popular slogans at the end of twentieth the beginning of the twenty first century. The quality of products and services. The quality of technologies and business processes related to providing of products and services. The quality, which really exists and what is even more important can be proven as it properly documented.Constant improvement of production quality is one of determinant conditions of raise of its combat on the market and growth of production efficiency. Not without reason in countries with developed industry bulk of firms and companies use different kinds of systems of quality management. Let us consider four ramifications of evolution of production quality approaches.First of them is a stage of rejection (till 20th years of the last century). According to this approach in indian lodge to provide a consumer products congruent to accepted standards, special attention should be paid to elimination of rejects. broad(a) spread of this concept has led to unreasonable growth of supervising personnel. Up to 40 and more per centum of strength of workers involved in manufacture, that in its turn has caused irrational increase of expenses for quality management and, hence, has take down efficiency of production.As a result in twenties the attention of managers has moved from rejection of production in the process of its yield to quality control in the process of manufacture. The most significant role of this stage was played by Mr.

Why White Collar Crimes are Committed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

wherefore White Collar Crimes are Committed - Essay ExampleBy implementing the theory of Individualism in criminology, certain factors that lead to the causation of this form of unclouded collar horror become evident.According to Sutherland (1994), temperament and individual characteristics are not sufficient to offer a full comprehensive example of white collar crime. However, these two characteristics should not be dismissed entirely nor should the theory of the single level (Friedrich 2004). The campaign this is stated is due to the implied idea that top corporate professionals, within these aforementioned companies are interpreted to the usual public as being greedy and self preserving. This is obvious by the fact that if ethics and concern for other(a) investors had been deciding factors, these criminal actions of fraud and embezzlement (among others) would have never taken place.Many times the individualistic theory in white collar crime points to greed as the main caus ation for the crime or crimes. What it amounts to is the fact that these executives would rather take the wrong highway to achieve higher positions of importance and pecuniary flare/success than worry about what repercussions for their actions might be later down the road (Friedrich 2004).

Network security fundamentals, security threats, and issues Case Study

Network surety fundamentals, security threats, and issues - Case Study ExampleIn addition, data and information (in the form of communication) are a lot distributed all the way through the earnings as apparent text (for instance it is not squirm or encrypted). Additionally, using the Internet it is also simple to imitate someone else as they are online. On the otherwise hand, there is at the moment a great deal of suspicion on the win of internet security, however an excellent information is that we have a wide variety of tools and technologies findible which understructure ensure the maximum security of our meshwork against illegal interruption (McConnell, 2004). Normally, the use of a firewall is associated with the Internet. In fact, with the increase popularity of the Internet, the term firewall is a great deal more frequently employed in computer networks. correspondent to the firewalls that are used in buildings and homes, computer firewalls take steps as a fence m ingled with computers on a network. A firewall is critical for the companies that use a computer network or for individuals with a stable connection to the internet (for instance through cable or DSL). In addition, in the absence seizure of a firewall, any unauthorized person on the network would possibly be able to approach, cover out, and move around to the files or data and information stored in our computer. ... Certainly, in some cases firewalls also freeze down the required transmission, and throughout a frequent practice of alteration, the filters can be tailored to enhance their forte (Wynn, 2012) Moreover, a firewall encompasses a wide variety of associated applications and tools, installed at a network gateway server, which ensures the security of the resources (data, information, and other resources) of a private network from outside users or people from other networks. Additionally, the network firewalls also equal to the security policies that are utilized with the applications and programs. In addition, a business organization having an intranet that facilitates its staff members to get access to the extensive Internet usage makes use of a firewall to stop unauthorized people from getting access to its own confidential data and information resources as well as for keeping an eye on what other resources its own users are able to access. In this scenario, a firewall works directly with a router program, which determines the characteristics of distributively network packet to decide whether it should be allowed to move toward its target or not. Additionally, a firewall also encompasses or can be installed on a proxy server that formulates network requests in support of terminal users. In some cases, a firewall is installed in a specifically selected computer that is other than the remaining network with the intention that no received requests or queries can reach openly at confidential network resources (Rouse, 2007). At the present, organiza tions are able to choose from a wide variety of firewall solutions. In fact, there are numerous firewall transmission techniques and tools. In this scenario, one well-known technique is to

Metamorphosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Metamorphosis - Essay manikinHe lived to find food, provide shelter, eat rubbish, just to survive and protect the species. According to Karen Bernardos commentary (n.d.), his metabolic process confronted him with the greater questions of existence. When Gregor awoke to find himself transformed in his bed into a horrible vermin (Kafka, 1), he reacted as if he had to work and fulfill his duty, a surprising attitude, in the circumstances.Instead of being horrified at the changes in his body, Gregor dealt with it, first as a dream, then just an odd transformation that would not founder him from working and being the same someone. He continued to think of ways to get over the fuss and get to work, which is a confusing reaction for the reader, as it was a terrifying situation to be in. It was preposterous that he continued to think and feel as both beetle and man, but in reality, the person who was Gregor still existed, trapped in that awful body. The metamorphosis gave him time to th ink and examine his life, the family, and his own prop in the world and showed he was still human. When his mother and sister cleared out his room, he felt they weretaking away everything that was dear to him (Kafka, 24). He crept out to listen to Gretes music, asking Was he an animal if music could enamor him so (Kafka, 33).

Gender Across Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Gender across Cultures - Essay ExampleThe chromosome construction of males and females are opposite. According to biological analysis XX-type chromosomes are found in females and XY-type of chromosomes are found in males. However, there are various effects of baseball club, ethnicity and tillage that complete the demeanour and identity of men and women based on the difference in the gender group (Zevin, 2014, p.57). The impact of ethnicity and elaboration over sex and gender can be clearly illustrated with the help of the research of Margaret Mead. Margaret explained about different cultures with wide variety of examples. According to Margarets research it has been observed that the native people of New guinea fowl consider completely different approach towards the two major genders that represent the human society. For example, the people of Tchambuli culture in New Guinea have represented women to be the leading members in their society (Wetherell, 2001, p.88). Females have the ultimate control of economic life and they work towards the betterment of people. According to the research it has been observed that the women act in different type of professions to earn their living. The males of the society generally participate in arts and theatres. The males of the society do-not have any direct control over the regulation of economy of the Tchambuli society. The Tchambuli women have been found to be engaging themselves in manufacturing of products and food. The initiations of sexual relations are also taken by the females of the society.

The influence of credit risk in financial institutions Research Proposal

The make of realisation endangerment in fiscal institutions - interrogation Proposal ExampleFinancial institutions primarily play a role of assisting the flow of funds from miscellaneous individual surplus units to deficit units. Financial institutions comprise of commercial banks, finance companies, savings institutions, credit unions, currency market funds, mutual funds, pension funds and insurance companies (Madura, 2008). Adequate management of the credit stake in the financial institutions is a critical aspect for the growth and survival of the institutions. If a financial institution fails to take hold risks like that of credit risk then it can lead to insolvency (Wenner & Et. Al., 2007). The recent financial crisis had a major impact on the worldwide financial system. Managing risk and capital requirements in the various financial institutions stool turned out to be an utmost necessity. Financial institutions generally have a quite multifactorial structure related t o liability. Credit risk of a financial institution is considered as a run low of market valuations of the institutions asset portfolio and its leverage (Chen & Et. Al., 2009). Thereby, the study aims to critically discuss the influence that the credit risk generally has on financial institutions. Aim of the Study & Specification of Objectives The aim of the study is to earn the significant and influential capabilities of credit risk in financial institutions. The relevance of the study can be judged from the fact that in terms of financial risks that a financial institution face, the credit risk or omission risk is considered to be one of the most significant and critical risk factors that every financial institution endeavours to mitigate to protect the financial institution and its consumers from insolvency. Objective of the study is to analyse and identify influence of different credit risks on financial institutions such as default risk credit col risk, sovereign risk, down grade risk and counterparty risk. Therefore, a few questions that can be considered be What is the credit risk? What is the influence of credit risks on financial institutions such as commercial banks, insurance companies, savings institutions and others? What ar the ways by which credit risks are being mitigated by financial institutions? In ball club to find answers to these questions scholarly articles, books, journals and others will be observed and used to identify the relevant aspects related to the study. books Review According to Investopedia (2011), credit risk can be identified as a risk if an individual or a company will be incapable to pay the principal or contractual interest on its debt obligations. This type of risk is mainly concerned with the investors who generally hold bonds inside their portfolio. Government bonds, primarily issued by the federal government, are considered to have the slightest amount of default risks as substantially as lowest amount of ret urns. Corporate bonds have a tendency to have the highest level of default risks but it also provides higher level of interest rates. Bonds that hold higher chances of being default are measured to be junk bonds, whereas, bonds that have lower chance of default are generally

The acquisition of knowledge is often a painful experience and through Essay

The acquisition of knowledge is often a painful experience and finished suffering, one can achieve various degrees of wisdom. In - Essay Example (1.1.51) instead of saying, Which of you shall doth loves us or so? shows his first act of foolishness, giving more importance to showing off and displaying yourself in human race sort of than real love. On the other hand, Morrie Schwartz in Tuesdays with Morrie believes otherwise, saying, in page 127, If youre trying to show off for community at the top, forget it. They will look down on you anyhow. And if youre trying to show off for plenty at the bottom, forget it. They will only envy you. Status will get you nowhere. Only an make heart will allow you to float equally between everyone. With this, it already clearly shows the opposing value and beliefs of the two main characters. While the two daughters cleverly flatter their father to acquire more dry land in King Lear, Cordelia, in contrast remains honest and refuses to participa te in the test of public display of love. Out of rage, Lear disowns Cordelia, saying, Here I disclaim all my paternal care/Propinquity and airscrew of blood,/And as a stranger to my heart and me/Hold thee, from this, forever. (1.1.113-116) On the contrary, in Tuesdays with Morrie, Morrie, who is a retired professor dying from Lou Gehrigs disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), does not get carried away with his emotions and feelings. Even when he is in great pain, knowing he has a few more months to live, does not give in to the rage and great pain that he must be feeling, but instead, makes the best out of what he has left. In the 10th page of the book, he says, Do I wither up and disappear, or do I make the best of my time left? In King Lear, after the kings sudden decisions about the division of the land and the banishment of Cordelia, Kent pleads with the king, telling him that he has gone mad in impulsively making those verdicts. Lear remains stubborn, and becomes ang ry again, saying, Come not between the dragon and his wrath. (1.1.128) and in pass 166 shouts, Out of my sight, banishing Kent. In Tuesdays with Morrie, however, Morrie, handles his emotions differently. On page 21, he explains, There are some mornings when I cry and cry and mourn for myself. Some mornings, Im so angry and bitter. But it doesnt last too long. Then I get up and say, I want to live . . . afterward on, in King Lear, after the king banishes Cordelia and Kent, he, once again, becomes angry and through his impetuous anger, curses Goneril, the first daughter. challenge to Regan, the second daughter, he is rejected by her. Through troubles and rejection made by his early hasty decisions, he finally gains wisdom and realizes the real characters of Goneril and Regan, and in vain, curses and cries out in grief, I have full perplex of weeping but this heart/Shall break into a hundred thousand flaws,/Or ere Ill weep. O fool, I shall go mad (2.4.311-313) However, in Tuesdays with Morrie, although Morrie also gains more wisdom and understanding about life when he experienced pain and unhappiness in his past, this was not caused by his thoughtless decisions and giving into his emotions. When he learned about his fatal sickness, instead of screaming and crying out loud, instead on page 10, Albom writes, Instead, he would make death his final project, the center point of

Document Based Quesiton (AP World History) Essay

Document Based Que flummoxon (AP innovation History) - Essay ExampleIn 2002, then US Treasury Secretary Paul ONeill claims that the World Bank gave Africa $300 trillion in loans (as reported by BBC news, 28 May 2002). This staggering amount is just part of the conclude why the countries of South Africa have accumulated so much debt. One should simply realize that the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), while world international financial institutions, argon rattling largely controlled by the government of rich countries, like US and Britain (Africa Action website, 2005). While these creditors do put forward aid and new loans to Africa, the hapless people of the region are forced to pay more notes to them in a vicious cycle of debt. Thus, these creditors are able to wield significant influences over Africas economy and the regions future.It is thus no great wonder why, despite these huge impertinent debt, Africa barely has enough to properly supply its people with basic commodities such as food and reasonably water (ONeill, 2002). To add insult to obvious injury, Africa is simply up to its neck in epidemic diseases, with aid being a major health concern of many countries in the continent. Information from UN help (2000) signify that a great majority of the country is infected, thus resulting to more than 11 million children orphaned by AIDS and an equally significant amount being infected by the disease (UN, 2004).Perhaps the saddest point of this come forth is the fact that amidst all these problems, civil unrest still pervade the region (Copson, Africas Wars and Prospects for Peace). While children are being orphaned by AIDS, parents lose their children to the never ending wars in the continent, as children are being recruited to serve either as soldiers or perform noncombatant roles both for the government and for the rebels (Amnesty International, 2005).The good involvement that may be coming out of all these is that the rest of the world does not just sit back and watch Africa suffer

Poor indoor air quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ridiculous indoor railway line quality - Essay ExamplePeople spend majority of their time deep down and are exposed to numerous indoor contaminants / pollutants from other occupants (exhaled carbon dioxide, second hand smoke, perfume, body odors), edifice materials (gases, dusts, asbestos etc), furniture and fixtures (dust mites, vapors, gases), dampness (fungus, mould, bacteria) and cleaning agents used (toxic vapors, volatile toxic compounds). High or low direct of humidity, improper ventilation, infiltration, lighting and noise also effect air quality. There are standard tests for gauging the air quality and remedies for improving IAQ to the set standards that verify good living condition for us. Poor IAQ can adversely affect wellness of a person which are summed up as a) Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) where health is adversely effected linked to how much time a person spends indoor yet the driving force or illness cannot be identified, b) Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS) where some might come under the effect, stock-still medical opinion remains divided, c) Building-Related Illness (BRI) these are more serious yet less usual cases with clinical symptoms proven linked to the IAQ, d) Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) arises from passive smoking and increases the risk of coronary thrombosis heart diseases (The International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC, 2002).

Summary of the Seven Habits of Highly Effective People Essay Example for Free

Summary of the sevensome purposes of Highly Effective People EssaylIn The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, Stephen Covey helps stack become much(prenominal) effective when dealing with the signifi wadnistert challenges of life. In details, Stephen Covey provides guidelines for managing duration and balancing studies, social life, job, and other priorities. The first three garmentss atomic number 18 digested on personal victories. They teach how to buzz off self-mastery and dependence. Those three vestures atomic number 18 Be Proactive, Begin with the End in Mind, and depute First Things First. Habits quaternion, five, and six address interdependence, the success in work with others. Habit four Think Win-Win, drug ab drop five Seek First to Understand, Then to Be Understood, and substance abuse six Synergize. The seventh habit maneuver the Saw, talks about building anes personal merchandise capability through self-renewal and invariable make bettermen t. After reading this book, I was encouraged to think about what I can do to expand myself and become the best of me. thitherfore, I have decided to take the following steps to improve myself improve my communication and teamwork skills keep myself focused on what matters the almost be being proactive and take the time to renew myself and nurture my body, mind, content, and spirit.My first tribute to myself is to improve my communication and teamwork skills. Habit four Think Win-Win and habit six Synergize, made me realize the importance of teamwork. Habit four taught me that teamwork and long-term relationships require cooperation by seek mutual benefit. For e precise problem, there exists a solution that allows allone to succeed. According to the book, most plenty learn to topic their self-esteem on comparisons and competition with others. They regard their success as the failure of someone else. If they win, others lose.Other stack are the opposite. They think if they lo se, others win. They accept loss just to make other people happy. People with such(prenominal) mentalities, find it hard to share the recognition and power of others. They can non be happy for the successes of others even those closest to them. However, a person with win-win mentality is respectful and assertive at the same time. Its non you or me. Its both of us. Its non a matter of who gets the biggest piece of the pie. Theres more than lavish for everyone. Its an all-you-can-eat buffet. The other habit that encouraged me to improve my communication and teamwork skills is habit six. It showed me how people produce more together than the sum of what they could produce separately. This habit mainly says teamwork and trust should be built by creatively co operate with other people and localizeing the contributions of them which is synergizing. There are several examples of the synergetic situations. Stephen Covey gives a couple of them. oneness example is about 2 politicians b eing able to get 1 million votes each, but when working together they are able to get 2. 5 million votes.This example represents the classic 1+1 = 2. 5 equation. Another example is about two people who are too short to fragmentize apples from a tree. But when working as a team with one on the shoulders of the other, they can hustle many apples. Stephen Covey also illustrates how to bring forth a synergetic model. To produce a synergetic modality one pick ups to assess three specific habits have a win-win attitude (habit 4), seek to consider before to be understood (habit 5), and believe you can achieve more together than alone (habit 6). Moreover, valuing the differences is the fondness of synergy.To synergize, one deals to acknowledge and appreciate the differences between people. To believe that those differences are not annoying, but they are precious and there is much to gain from accepting them. After realizing how important teamwork is, habit 5 teaches how to develop a powerful communication skill listening. Habit 5 Seek to Understand, Then to Be Understood, helped me to experience the concept of listening. Seeking first to understand requires getting inside the talking persons mold and see the situation the way she/he sees it.You consume to understand his/her point of view but not necessarily agree with them. When listening to other people, you should not be thinking about what you are qualifying to say next when the other person stops talking. Instead, you should truly listen to what they are saying without interrupting them. You need to try to understand them which lead build a bridge between your paradigms and the paradigms of them. This way you leave more likely have a stronger make up ones mind. My second recommendation to myself is to stay focused on what matters the most to me.This recommendation came in to my mind after reading the second habit Begin With the End in Mind. This habit taught me how to live with a purpose. It is bas ed on the principle that things need to be created mentally before they are physically created. For example, a plane is first created in someones mind before it is truly built. Effective people determine their own futures. First, they mentally plan it according to their values and principles. Second, they physically create it through their positive actions and behaviors.During my college life, I have always had busy weeks in which I had to deal with rafts of exams, home woks, quizzes, and projects. In such weeks, I tend to spend all my time only doing my nurture responsibilities. However, as Stephen Covey says in the second habit, most people on their death beds dont wish they had spent more time at the office By the end of each semester, I see myself getting good grades but still not satisfied because deep in my heart school is not my only priority. In order to stay focused on what matters most, I give first determine what matters most to me.In his book, Stephen Covey lists va rious questions that I will explore when I try to discover myself. After I find out my smell of purpose and meaning in life, I will begin to write my personal mission statement. It will act as a leading constitution by which I will evaluate my daily decisions. Moreover, when trying to keep my focus on the task at hand, I will use Stephen Coveys life-management quadrants. In the tierce habit Put First Things First, he uses a chart with four quadrants that are the result of two axes urgent and important. Urgent activities call for immediate attention.Important activities are valuable and add to the personal mission, values, and high priority goals. To put first things first is to organize and manage time and events according to the values and day-dream the person defined in his/her personal mission statement. I always get caught up in day to day crisis, which represent the urgent and important things, and I get distracted from what it is important to me. What I need to do is to s pend more time in the important but not urgent quadarant. I will also use a planner to schedule my tasks and activities each week.I will always re-valuate my plans based on my personal mission statement. Those two habits also reminded me that I need to pop up planning my career path. I will go to my advisor to discuss my career opportunities. I will also take an aptitude test to help me evaluate my talents, abilities, and interests so I can use that information when choosing my career path. I will also write blast a list of the most important skills I need to be successful in college and work to improve each one of them. Another thing I want to develop in myself is to cast up my proactivity.A lot of multiplication it happened that I receive a grade that I think is unfair and I get upset, which gets me nowhere. Habit one Be Proactive taught me that whenever I get a grade that I think I do not deserve, I should make an appointment with my professor to discuss it and see what I can learn. To be proactive is to have a choice and control over the situations. A company can be proactive rather than to be under the mercy of the industry. For example, if an industry is facing a stiltturn, a company can be proactive by developing a plan to cut down the costs and use the industry downturn to its benefit by increasing the market share.Proactive people do not blame other people or mickle for their own mistakes. They understand whatever they do is what they have chosen to do. They accept responsibility for their choices. When facing a stimulus, they stop and allow themselves to strike a response based on their personal values. In contrast, reactive people do not choose how to respond to stimuli instead they react immediately without thinking and based on their feelings at that moment. There is a gap between stimulus and response, and the key to both our growth and happiness is how we use that space. In the book, Stephen Covey advises his readers to divide events and circumstances into two categories circumstances they can influence through choices and circumstances they cannot influence at all. Proactive people focus their effort on the things they can control which Stephen Covey calls the cycle of Influence. They do not worry about the things they do not have influence on which he calls the go of Concern. By doing so, they increase their control on more and more of those things that are in their Circle of Concern. Reactive people focus on their Circle of Concern.They blame other people or circumstances which both are beyond their influence, for their failures. To be more proactive, I plan to do the following things. I will write down a list of the things in my Circle of Concern that I am always worrying about then I will work on letting go of them one by one. I will pay more attention to my behavior and language and identify the reactive ones. For example, whenever I say I cant do it I will change over that to I will try. Also, from now o n I will not let other peoples bad mood rub off on me and ruin my day. This is my choice will be the attitude I will always adopt. My last recommendation to myself is to take care of my body, mind, heart, and soul. The seventh habit says to be effective one should balance between the production and the production capacity. I will not be able to effectively do the previous recommendations without renewing myself and nurturing my body, mind, heart, and soul. Stephen Covey clarifies this point with the example of the tweet and the golden eggs. A poor farmer had a goose. The goose suddenly started to lay a straight golden egg every day and the farmer soon became very rich.The farmer also became very greedy and began to think the goose must have all the golden eggs within it. In order to get all the golden eggs immediately, he killed the goose. As soon as he did that, he discovered there were not golden eggs within it. The moral of the story is that the need of the balance between prod uction and production capability is critical. If one tries to increase the immediate output without considering the production capacity, this capability will be lost. The need for balance between production and production capability applies in physical, financial, and human asset.For example, a person in charge in a factory can increase the output of a simple machine by stopping the scheduled maintenance and using that time operating the machine and maximizing the production. However, in the future, more maintenance will need to be performed on the machine and the future production will be greatly minimized. That person may be blamed for cause such a mess. The production and production capability applies to customer loyalty as well. A eatery may have a good reputation for serving great food.If the owner decides to cut down the costs and lower the quality of the served food, the profits will rise immediately. However, as soon as the customers sense the change in the food quality, t heir trust will be lost. The profits will definitely decline. The need for this kind of balance also applies to the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual assets. One should take the time for self-renewal to keep and enhance the four human assets. Renewal increases the persons capacity to undertake the challenges of daily living. It creates growth and change in that persons life.Without this renewal, the body becomes feeble, the mind mechanical, the emotions dead, and the spirit insensitive. Therefore, I plan on doing the following activities. To preserve my body, I will start an exercise program and I will choose something I really enjoy like badminton. I will also make sure to get at least seven hours of sleep every day. Lastly, I will continue to eat my balanced diet. To nurture my mind, I will start to read more books and solve at least one puzzle every day. To take care of my heart, I will try to build new friendships and have meaningful connections with others.

Obesity in African American Culture Essay Example for Free

Obesity in Afri groundwork American Culture Essay?Obesity has more that yet a physical effect on the body. Obesity also greatly affects the mental and emotional component of the body as well. Although you cannot directly correlate metal and emotional wellness to corpulency, you can see that its personal effect do in fact play a role in the mental and emotional health of an obese person. While the effects of obesity do indeed reach out to all races, it is balmy to see that mental and emotional problems from obesity in the African American culture are preface in the culture. Depression, anxiety, and discrimination, are all results that are caused by obesity in the African American friendship. numerous race are familiar with depression, whether it be a friend or family member that went through it or that they themselves went though it. Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can befuddle a negative effect on a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings, w orld view and physical well-being (Salmans 1997). African American obesity has a close tie with depression in African American hatful. When throng are self-conscious about their weight they may think that people look down on them for this. This would cause them to think less of themselves or believe that otherwises are better then them.In trance it can cause the obese African American to have a bad view of themselves, other people, and the world in general. This is exactly what depression is. You can see that depression can be caused by obesity in the African American culture. Anxiety is another emotional distress numerous people are familiar with. Anxiety is know as, the displeasing feeling of fear and concern (Davison 2008). Many people have felt the effects of anxiety in their own lives, whether it is before an important test, a computer address in front of many people, or the big gam many people feel anxiety.Looking exclusively at anxiety caused by obesity in African Ameri can people is a variant situation. Anxiety or nervousness before a big event is common and in many ways reasoning(a) because it motivates us to do the very best we can. Anxiety in African Americans because of obesity is not healthy in fact it can be dangerous and destructive. By feeling displease and concerned about their weight African Americans can struggle all through out biography to over come these feelings. It could limit their goals and overall make them settle for less then they really can do.Anxiety do to obesity in the African American community is not a healthy and can severely constrain someones life. Discrimination in the African American community has always been a problem through out history. Slavery is a very obvious convergence of discrimination. Taking a more specific look at discrimination of the African American community because of obesity is a different situation. When people discriminate African Americans because of their weight it seriously prohibits the ir chances of succeeding in life. It could be in the work place or at school.By placing these barriers we are limiting the capability of the African American community and hurting their chances of having a successful and meaningful life. These mental and emotional effects of obesity in the African American community are unfair and wrong. People should not be judged on their weight. Davison, Gerald C. (2008). Abnormal Psychology. Toronto Veronica Visentin. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-470-84072-6. Salmans, Sandra (1997). Depression Questions You Have Answers You Need. Peoples Medical Society. ISBN 978-1-882606-14-6.

Love and Patriotism Essay Example for Free

Love and Patriotism EssayPatriotism is a frame of mind in which angiotensin converting enzyme loves ones country and is proud of it. It is a vigorous feeling of love, faithfulness and support for ones country especi altogethery in defense against its enemies. It means that one should give more hold dear and importance to ones country than to ones own self. It makes one bound for certain responsibilities, and these responsibilities are ideological commitment and allegiance to the defense and prosperity of ones country. Only regret that I have but one life to bear for my country. (Nathan Hale) Man is a social animal. It is hard for him to breathe in isolation. Contact with his fellow beings is inevitable for uncouth growth and economic development. Patriotism creates unity among the people for a noble cause and trains them to tolerate one and other and sacrifice for the country. Soldiers die non in hatred but in love. (Anonymous)Patriotism is a virtue that converts a mob int o nation. Nations rise and prosper if their individuals are united by a cord of love, sympathy and sincerity. People learn to honor the freedom and independence of their country. They learn that they can prosper and get along if they have a deep natural relation with their country. Birds fly towards their nests, children rush to take refuge in the lap of their mothers and human beings move towards their homes for peace and shelter, and so is our country that gives us protection and peace. It is a build of heaven for us.We should try our best to make it beautiful, secure, strong and peaceful. Our existence definitely depends on the existence and selection of our dear homeland. We can do so if we have an ultimate faith in our country. We must not undermine our relationship and association which we have with our homeland by birth. Waste no more judgment of conviction arguing about what a good man should be. Be one. (Mareus)Disciplined armed forces, hardworking and dainty craftsme n, diligent and committed women, and ambitious students have only one aim and that is to serve their country. They believe that their ad hominem achievement will benefit not only themselves but also their country. They want to raise the give way of their country because they have a strong sense of patriotism. Love works wonders. Miracles are not beyond us if we are fired with the passion of patriotism. Patriotism fills us with a magnetic force which overcomes all our petty differences of languages and creeds.

10 Major Agricultural Problems Of India Essay Example for Free

10 Major awkward Problems Of India EssaySome of the major conundrums and their possible solutions catch been discussed as follows. Indian agriculture is plagued by some(prenominal) problems some of them argon natural and some others be manmake.1. Sm each and illogical land-holdingsThe seemingly abundance of make sown ara of 141.2 meg hectares and match cropped area of 189.7 one million million hectares (1999-2000) pales into insignificance when we see that it is divided into economically unviable slim and scattered holdings.The total size of holdings was 2.28 hectares in 1970-71 which was reduced to 1. 82 hectares in 1980-81 and 1.50 hectares in 1995-96. The size of the holdings go forth further decrease with the infinite Sub-division of the land holdings.See more Sleep Deprivation Problem etymon Speech EssayThe problem of petite and fragmented holdings is more serious in densely populate and intensively cultivated differentiates manage Kerala, West Bengal, Biha rand eastern part of Uttar Pradesh where the second-rate size of land holdings is slight than one hectare and in certain parts it is less than even 0.5 hectare.Rajasthan with vast sandy stretches and Nagaland with the prevailing Jhoom (shifting agriculture) take hold Brobdingnagianr average sized holdings of 4 and 7.15 hectares respectively. States having high perpennyage of net sown area like Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh have holding size above the national average.Further it is shocking to note that a titanic proportion of 59 per cent holdings in 1990- 91 were marginal (below 1 hectare) accounting for 14.9 per cent of the total operated area. Another 19 per cent were small holdings (1-2 hectare) taking up 17.3 per cent of the total operated area. voluminous holdings (above 10 hectare) accounted for only 1.6 per cent of total holdings but c everyplaceed 17.4 per cent of the operated area (Table 22.1). Hence, there is a liberal gap betwe en small sodbusters, medium farmers (peasant group) and big farmers (landlords).The main reason for this sad state of personal matters is our inheritance laws. The land be bulkying to the father is equally distributed among his sons. This distribution of land does not entail a collection or consolidated one, but its nature is fragmented.Different tracts have different levels of fertility and are to be distributed accordingly. If there are four tracts which are to be distributed between two sons, both the sons provide get smaller p pilings of each land tract. In this way the holdings become smaller and more fragmented with each passing generation.Sub-division and fragmentation of the holdings is one of the main dos of our low agricultural productivity and backward state of our agriculture.1/2/2015 758 PM10 Major Agricultural Problems of India and their Possible Solutions3 of 16http//www.yourarticlelibrary.com/agriculture/10-major-agricultural-proA lot of date and labour is wasted in moving seeds, manure, implements and cows from one piece of land to another.Irrigation becomes difficult on such(prenominal) small and fragmented fields. Further, a lot of fertile agricultural land is wasted in providing boundaries. Under such circumstances, the farmer cannot concentrate on improvement. The only answer to this ticklish problem is the consolidation of holdings which means the reallocation of holdings which are fragmented, the creation of farms which plant only one or a few parcels in place of multitude of patches formerly in the possession of each peasant. But unfortunately, this plan has not succeeded much. Although legislation for consolidation of holdings has been enacted by al well-nigh all the states, it has been implemented only in Punjab, Haryana and in some parts of Uttar Pradesh.Consolidation of about 45 million holdings has been done till 1990-91 in Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh. The other solution to this problem is cooperative farming in which the farmers pool their resources and take the profit.2. SeedsSeed is a critical and basic input for attaining higher crop yields and bear on growth in agricultural production. Distribution of assured quality seed is as critical as the production of such seeds. Unfortunately, good quality seeds are out of reach of the majority of farmers, oddly small and marginal farmers mainly because of exorbitant prices of better seeds.In order to solve this problem, the Government of India accomplished the guinea pig Seeds Corporation (NSC) in 1963 and the State FarmersCorporation of India (SFCI) in 1969. Thirteen State Seed Corporations (SSCs) were also established to augment the supply of improved seeds to the farmers.High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) was launched in 1966-67 as a major thrust plan to increase the production of nutrition grains in the country. The Indian seed labor had exhibited impressive growth in the past and is expected to provide further potential for gro wth in agricultural production The role of seed industry is not only to realize adequate standard of quality seeds but also to achieve varietal diversity to suit various agro-climatic zones of the country.The policy statements are designed towards making available to the Indian farmer, adequate quantities of seed of superior quality at the appropriate clipping and place and at an affordable price so as to meet the countrys food and nutritional security goals.Indian seeds programme largely adheres to limited generation constitution for seed multiplication. The system recognises three kinds of generation, namely breeder, foundation and certified seeds. Breeder seed is the basic seed and first compass point in seed production. Foundation seed is the second stage in seed production kitchen range and is the progeny of breeder seed. Certified seed is the ultimate stage in seed production string and is the progeny of foundation seed. Production of breeder and foundation seeds and ce rtified seeds distribution have gone up at an annual average rate of 3.4 per cent, 7.5 percent and 9.5 per cent respectively, between 2001-02 and 2005-06).3. Manures, plant foods and BiocidesIndian estates have been use for growing crops over thousands of yearswithout caring much for replenishing. This has led to depletion and exhaustion of soils issuanceing in their low productivity. The average yields of almost all the crops are among t e lowest in the world. This is a serious problem which can be solved by using more manures and fertilizers. Manures and fertilizers play the same role in relation to soils as good food in relation to body. Just as a nourished body is capable of doing any good job, a well nourished soil is capable of magnanimous good yields. It has been estimated that about 70 per cent of growth in agricultural production can be attributed to increased fertilizer application.Thus increase in the expending of fertilizers is a barometer of agricultural prosperit y. However, there are practical difficulties in providing sufficient manures and fertilizers in all parts of a country of Indias dimensions dwell by poor peasants. Cow fertilise provides the best manure to the soils.But its use as such is limited because much of cow dung is used as kitchen fuel in the shape of dung cakes. Reduction in the supply of fire wood and increasing demand for fuel in the rustic areas due to increase in population has further complicated the problem. Chemical fertilizers are costly and are often beyond the reach of the poor farmers. The fertilizer problem is, therefore, both acute and complex.It has been felt that ingrained manures are essential for keeping the soil in good health. The country has a potential of 650 million tonnes of coarse and 160 lakh tonnes of urban compost which is not fully utilized at present. The example of this potential will solve the twin problem of disposal of waste and providing manure to the soil.The government has abandone d high incentive especially in the form of heavy subsidy for using chemical fertilizers. in that location was practically no use of chemical fertilizers at the time of Independence As a result of initiative bythe government and due to change in the attitude of some progressive farmers, the consumption of fertilizers increased tremendously. In order to maintain the quality of the fertilizers, 52 fertilizer quality control laboratories have been set up in different parts of the country. In addition, there is one Central Fertilizer Quality Control and Training Institute at Faridabad with its three regional centres at Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai.Pests, germs and weeds cause heavy loss to crops which amounted to about one third of the total field produce at the time of Independence. Biocides (pesticides, herbicides and weedicides) are used to save the crops and to avoid losses. The increased use of these inputs has saved a lot of crops, especially the food crops from unnecessary wastage . But indiscriminate use of biocides has resulted in wide spread environmental befoulment which takes its own toll.4. IrrigationAlthough India is the second largest irrigated country of the world after China, only one-third of the cropped area is below irrigation. Irrigation is the most important agricultural input in a tropical monsoon country like India where rainfall is uncertain, unreliable and erratic India cannot achieve sustained progress in agriculture unless and until more than half of the cropped area is brought under assured irrigation.This is testified by the success story of agricultural progress in Punjab Haryana and western part of Uttar Pradesh where over half of the cropped area is under irrigation Large tracts still await irrigation to boost the agricultural output.However, care must(prenominal) be taken to safeguard against ill effects of over irrigation especially in areas irrigated by canals. Large tracts in Punjaband Haryana have been rendered useless (area s affected by salinity, alkalinity and water-logging), due to faulty irrigation. In the Indira Gandhi Canal instruction area also intensive irrigation has led to sharp rise in sub-soil water level, leading to water-logging, soil salinity and alkalinity.5. Lack of automationIn spite of the large scale mechanisation of agriculture in some parts of the country, most of the agricultural operations in larger parts are carried on by human hand using simple and conventional tools and implements like wooden plough, sickle, etc. minuscule or no use of machines is made in ploughing, sowing, irrigating,thinning and pruning, weeding, harvesting threshing and transporting the crops. This is specially the campaign with small and marginal farmers. It results in huge wastage of human labour and in low yields per capita labour force. thither is urgent need to mechanise the agricultural operations so that wastage of labour force is avoided and farming is made convenient and efficient. Agricultural implements and machinery are a crucial input for efficient and timely agricultural operations, facilitating dual cropping and thereby increasing production.Some progress has been made for mechanising agriculture in India after Independence. Need for mechanisation was specially felt with the advent of Green Revolution in 1960s. Strategies and programmes have been directed towards replacement of traditionalistic and inefficient implements by improved ones, enabling the farmer to own tractors, power tillers, harvesters and other machines.A large industrial base for manufacturing of the agricultural machines has also been developed. Power availability for carrying out variousagricultural operations has been increased to reach a level of 14 kW per hectare in 2003-04 from only 0.3 kW per hectare in 1971-72.This increase was the result of increasing use of tractor, power tiller and combine harvesters, irrigation pumps and other power operated machines. The share of mechanical and electr ical power has increased from 40 per cent in 1971 to 84 per cent in 2003-04.Uttar Pradesh recorded the highest average exchanges of tractors during the fiveyear period ending 2003-04 and/West Bengal recorded the highest average sales of power tillers during the same period.Strenuous efforts are being made to encourage the farmers to adopt technically advanced agricultural equipments in order to carry farm operations timely and precisely and to carry through the agricultural production process.6. Soil wearing awayLarge tracts of fertile land suffer from soil erosion by wind and water. This area must be properly treated and restored to its original fertility.7. Agricultural merchandiseAgricultural marketing still continues to be in a bad shape in rural India. In the absence of sound marketing facilities, the farmers have to depend upon local traders and middlemen for the disposal of their farm produce which is sold at throw-away price.In most cases, these farmers are forced, under socio-economic conditions, to carry on distress sale of their produce. In most of small villages, the farmers dispense their produce to the money lender from whom they normally borrow money. harmonise to an estimate 85 per cent of wheat and 75 per cent of oil seeds in Uttar Pradesh, 90 per cent of Jute in West Bengal, 70 per cent of oilseeds and 35 per cent of cotton in Punjab is sold by farmers in the village itself. Such a situation arises due to the inability of the poor farmers to wait for long after harvesting their crops.In order to meet his commitments and pay his debt, the poor farmer is forced to sell the produce at whatever price is offered to him. The Rural Credit Survey Report rightly remarked that the producers in general sell their produce at an unfavourable place and at an unfavourable time and usually they get unfavourable terms.In the absence of an organised marketing structure, private traders and middlemen dominate the marketing and work of agricultural produce . The remuneration of the services provided by the middlemen increases the load on the consumer, although the producer does not derive confusable benefit.Many market surveys have revealed that middlemen take away about 48 per cent of the price of rice, 52 per cent of the price of grounduts and 60 per cent of the price of potatoes offered by consumers.In order to save the farmer from the clutches of the money lenders and the middle men, the government has come out with regulated markets. These markets generally introduce a system of competitive buying, help in eradicating malpractices, ensure the use of standardised weights and measures and evolve suitable machinery for colony of disputes thereby ensuring that the producers are not subjected to exploitation and receive remunerative prices.

Davidson ethos. Recommenaatlon Essay Example for Free

Davidson ethos. Recommenaatlon EssayAt the core, these three transformationsin manufacturing, product development and at retailcome down to one thing we must ensure, in a world of ever-increasing node expectations, Harley-Davidson continues to fulfill dreams through remarkable motorcycles and extraordinary customer experiences far into the future (Harley Davidson, 2011, p. 5). All of HDs forward motions end here. The improvement require all stake holder to work together to make the customer experience unique. The improvements, if trenchant will add to the HarleyMy recommendation to Harley executives is to remember to stay true to the chump, but to attempt to market products to name new consumer within the US. Since HDs inception, Harley has been associated with the freedom of America, but it may be losing it American consumer go changing to a global market. Harley-Davidson demographics has long shown its reliance on an overwhelmingly white, male and middle-aged consumer ba se would ultimately take exception sales in North America, where it still earns two-thirds of its revenue (Kelleher, 2013). The goal that I propose s to embroil marketing to a young group with a disposable income.I have been introduced to Harley in fact, I learned to ride on a Buell in a Harley Drivers Edge Safety Course. I an African American female and have never been in the Harley advertising demographic. Harley does have a female riders chopine but its not advertised. All of the commercials that I have seen for Harley actual talk about the experience and financing. Although it is an American institution like a lot of older brands, it may lose it appeal a younger population. Increasing its consumer base an only be beneficial to its other stakeholders.It may potentially prevent manufacturing Jobs from be transferred outside of the U. S. as Harley seeks consumers in other locations. Harley Davidsons use of strategic management is in line with the of necessity of its main stake holders. The companys mission acknowledges the need to meet the demands of all stakeholders for a more effective organization. Harleys vision recognizes what HD brand means to the consumer. The organizations goals and objectives seek to make the brand more effective in the current global arket while satisfying the needs of its stakeholders.

PEACE Domestic Violence Agency Essay Example for Free

public security Domestic Violence Agency seekThe quietness Domestic Violence agencys mission is to reduce victim trauma, empower survivors, and upraise rec all(prenominal)wherey through and through with(predicate) head up proceedss (University of Phoenix, 2012, para. 9). Also, according to University of Phoenix Appendix B (2012),PEACE in like manner strives to lessen the occurrence of sexual assault and national violence by educating the misused and the take leaveicipation and proposing ways to stir against social norms and beliefs. It imparting reside in the city of Portland, a big(a) metropolitan city, that has been experiencing a spread out in reports of not only domestic, wedding, and child abuse, al angiotensin converting enzyme also youth violence, assault, and road rage over the last five years. PEACE is looking for mount from the National Foundations patronage computer designme and by doing so strives promote the well(p)- be of people whose li ves commence been affected by domestic violence, punter the quality of support of families with a member in prison, house people who ar (or view been) winding with the criminal justice system with a rehabilitation broadcast where they rear end run the skills and support net bleeds involve to lead fulfilled lives. The Small Grants Program offers one-time set asides of up to $5,000 to registered charities with an annual budget under $500,000 and the Investor Program is an modernistic accompaniment political program designed to support six plaques under each of the objectives of the Supporting Families program, with up to $150,000 a year for up to 3 years (University of Phoenix, 2012, para. 11).The program pauperizations not only proper funding but the ability to allocate that funding in ways that impart good the community in the fastest and more or less effective way possible. Because of this, PEACE will be looking into alternative funding. The club Innovation Chal lenge is one of the most important ways PEACE will try and obtain nontraditional funding. The fellowship Innovation Challenge is a grant program that gives approved organizations money so they slew enact faster and more efficient ways of serving and bettering the community. This kind of funding would benefit PEACE because a domestic violence agency the likes of PEACE is facilitative to the community on so legion(predicate) levels children to adults to those looking to be rehabilitated. PEACE would be a prime washbasindidate for this grant because of this reason and the money would be used to assist workers in their education on the matters at gain as well as paying for more workers if the organization gets too large for the current lag amount.PEACE will also be looking into outsourcing and setting up charity booths at often visited locations like outside a grocery store or at a shopping center. displace emails and/or letters to local businesses, companies, and neverthel ess other organizations looking for financial assistance, ideas, and information is definitely right-hand and it also allows smaller businesses to get their name on the map and helping out the organization if they were to extend something like a sponsor. Setting up charity booths also allows people from many another(prenominal) different walks of tone to see my programs cause and contribute something, anything, if they empennage. Funding from these two sources can normally be used in many ways but it is also not ever a large amount. Access to smaller amounts of funding gives PEACE ways to buy low cost items when they are affordable. Things like more seating, chair cushions, water tanks, even coffee and muffinsAll these things can help people receive more welcome and safe which is important with organizations like PEACE. Signing up for a few dispense with subscription/database-type sites will give access to funds as well. These websites allow a program to look for nontraditio nal sources of funding as well as give them updates for when new opportunities come up that apply to the program. This is curiously helpful for busy programs that may not have the man power to go out and lam for funding sources while also working with the program as much as The mission of the PEACE Domestic Violence Agency is to reduce victim trauma, empower survivors, and promote reco very(prenominal) through direct services. Their curriculum is based largely around the imply of the community and they set out to provide the best, most varied concern they can.Starting with professionally trained staff who are looked over by a small formation PEACE locates those in need of assistance and brings them to a place where those necessarily can be met on an individual basis as well as on a company basis. The stakeholders for PEACE start with the administration and staff of the agency who put themselves on the line taking care of their clients and looking for sources of funding to ma ke sure things are taken care of. Staff and administration need to have their physical and mental needs taken care of and provided for so they can then provide for the community. This may mean more staff need to be trained and employed to keep bothone at the top of their game or the spaces available for clients needs to be cut so staff do not find themselves over-taxed.Domestic abuse is a very serious thing and it cannot be taken lightly by anyone. One false step be it a forgotten case notebook, a less-than-attentive staff member, or what have you can seve trust endanger the clients. It is imperative that the clients are put into the detention of fully educated, completely able staff. A majority of funding sources are open only to non-profit, 501(c)3 organizations. These organizations must also be in good standing to receive funds and therefore PEACE is pensionable to apply for this type of funding. A private tooshie is deemed to be any non-profit that supports the work of pu blic charities through the award of grants (2009). In order to receive funds a buttocks is required to file a Form 1023 with the IRS. Form 1023 is a 28 page form gives the IRS the information they need to conduct audits of the foundations activities.The duty of staff and the administration is to make sure the program meets the requirements of the funders constantly because they would lose funding if they have anything that presents itself as a conflict of interest of it there is anything overtaking on that the funders do not like (2009). Non-profit organizations and their boards are bound to very strict rules and therefore discrimination against an individual or treating a group better than another individual or group can result in the foundation being shut down. Records of a program must be maintained in accordance with broadly Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), including the filing of an annual Form 990 with the IRS. All members of the staff and management are creditworthy to the rules for non-profits. Documentation has to be well understood and applied consistently and correctly. The administrators of PEACE have to find evaluators that can ensure the valuations show an honest picture of the group effort, effectiveness, and contribution to the community so granters can rely on the information provided.The Family Violence Prevention and Services Act is an example of such(prenominal) a funding foundation that can create such a picture. Their mission is to decrease the occurrence of domestic abuse as well as to increase well-being and draw near in society as a whole. This foundation is federally funded often pulling in quite a few million dollars that are then allocated to them by the government as well as allocated to sister organizations and other funding opportunities. be federally funded there is a close eye on the limited resources of the foundation so the funders can be sure the money is spent in the most effective manner to benefit the superio r number of people. The Family Violence Prevention and Services Act serves organizations and people all over the United.The foundation has affirm over where their money is used and they try to concentrate their focus on organizations that will benefit the community around them the most. They, more specifically, tend to fund essential services that sit at the core of completion domestic violence. Emergency shelters, hotlines, and advocacy as well as primary and secondary prevention are all looked at highly. Another stakeholder in the PEACE Domestic Violence Agency is the community itself. Community evaluation will be an active part of the results that affect on deviation funding by attend the program, counterbalance of all, and also by giving feedback on the effectiveness of this program and the staff of said program in their community. The remark of the community needs to be taken into consideration when looking at develop evaluations and data that has been heared out front making decisions to change, mend, or modify the program. Community member have the biggest input on when, where, and how group sessions are being held and, more importantly, when, where, and how private sessions are being held.Children cannot be expect to want to sit through late meetings, parents may not have time during the day because of work There are so many factors that need to be looked at in order to interest the wants and needs of the community. This will be important also keep constant monitoring of to allow individuals and families to have time for different kinds of activities and help, as well as to allow the help theyve currently received (or have been receiving) to process and sink in. However, the community cannot affect or change the goals of funding institutions. Therefore, they have to work with the funders restrictions and requirements so that no single group is held in a higher(prenominal) spot on the mention of things that need funding or the list of people t hat need assistance. Every one of the stakeholders at PEACE Domestic Violence Agency has an effect on the design and implementation of the program. The community, the clients, the staff and finally the administration all share a common goal and they all hold the progress and fate of the program in their hands.They all want to see an improvement in the society, they all want to see higher quality of life, and they all want someone (even themselves) to feel safe when they go to sleep at night. This style strong staff, an introduction of life skills, increased community involvement, increased collaboration with funders and the state, a reduction in high risk behaviors, and a decrease in the amount of reported domestic abuse cases. By taking these things into account PEACE Domestic Violence Agency will be a yearn lasting, effective program. Program planning and evaluation process can provide opportunities for program improvement because they will catch instances of the program not mee ting the expectations of the funders, workers, and the community. It is vital for PEACE to carefully create a program plan because, with an organization that is helping a myriad of kinds of victims of domestic abuse, it is easy to give the wrong pith to workers and the community.PEACE also provides assistance to people who are looking to be rehabilitated so it would be heavy(p) for them if their organization came off as only being there to help the hurt or, in my opinion, even worse As being there to make sure the people know they did wrong but not actually help them. The evaluation process can keep track of the kinds of clients they get and also what places might need improvement. As the manager of a program anything that improves efficiency and the method for delivery of the service is helpful and those can be found through the evaluation process.As a funder, you would have every right to speak up if you thought your money was not being well spent. This comes into pretend first in the program planning because if you are looking for a specific kind of program you can gladly put forth an effort to make that happen whether it be with time, money, or both. It also comes into play with the evaluation process. As a funder it would be part of your responsibility to check where funds are going and when and to check if there are more efficient and helpful ways of delivering the funds and how they are spent. core Measure Reduce the amount of domestic violence report, to assist people and families in dealing with life after abuse, and to help with rehabilitation and reintroduction. * Baseline info Portland has experienced increasing reports of domestic and youth violence, spousal and child abuse, assault, and incidents of road rage over the last 5 years. * Evaluation Design Trained observers, staff* Source of Information/Instrument(s) Police reports, reports from other domestic abuse locations * Who entrust roll the Data array of data will be done by a small tea m of staff specifically brought together to gather and process data. * Timing of Data Collection Overall data collection every three months (to look for progress) with an update to data made every forty-five days. * creation or audition Population (Applicable men, women and children of Portland) * How Will the Data be Described/Analyzed Total new/repeat counts of domestic abuse in the form of percentages (increase or decrease) Process Measure Number of staff trained to parcel out the abused * Source of Information/Instrument(s) Training sign-in sheets * Who Will Collect the Data Administration assistant will help participants sign-in* Timing of Data Collection Before the training session* Population or stress Population (all participants)* How Will the Data be Described/Analyzed Total number of staff properly trained. Process Measure Number of sessions delivered per group* Source of Information/Instrument(s) Staff session logs * Who Will Collect the Data Staff* Timing of Data C ollection During and after each session * Population or Sample Population (all staff will fill out session logs) * How Will the Data be Described/Analyzed Frequency of sessions per group per staff, as well as an average frequency of sessions crosswise the board. Process Measure Measures of program fidelity* Source of Information/Instrument(s) Trained observers, staff checklists, client surveys * Who Will Collect the Data Trained observers, staff, and clients * Timing of Data Collection Trained observers will attend one session per group each month and staff and clients will fill out biweekly checklists and surveys * Population or Sample Population (All staff and willing clients as well as observers) * How Will the Data be Described/Analyzed Qualitative data from observations and data collected from checklists and surveys will be compiled, summarized, and tending(p) to administration to show who is being passionate and faithful to the cause as well as what improvements need to be ma de and where. This evaluation plan will include process evaluation, outcome evaluations, formative evaluations, and summational evaluations.Process evaluations will evaluate all procedures and t ingests involved with implementing these programs. Process evaluations will also monitor the program and ensure feedback throughout the length of the program. This is exceptionally beneficial when running a program that is solely need-based and those needs only discovered through dealing with the clients the program is trying to help. Without feedback process cannot be made and goals, no matter how small, cannot be achieved. By performing process evaluations on the effectiveness of the groups as well as the staff themselves and comparing that to data collected by clients the best possible steps can be made towards the goal reducing the effect of domestic violence on Portland. outlet evaluations will collect quantitative and qualitative data from ongoing programs to document any short-run results that have been achieved as well as open doors to any new short-term goals and changes that have to be made to current ones.Task-focused results such as the number of staff who put their name on the sign-up sheet to be trained, how many clients return, and how many four-year-old adults seek help with rehabilitation on their own describe the output of the activity and short-term results, like the percentage of clients that are willing to fill out an end-of-session survey, describe the immediate effects of the program on the community. Information such as an increase in knowledge, changed in attitude, and behavioral shifts are part of a long list of data that can be discovered after an outcome evaluation. Outcome evaluations will come in handy the most when trying to figure out if the community is being reached properly and clients are being treated as best as they can be. It will also be helpful determining what activities are out-of-date or just plain not helpful anymore and what activities can take their place. Formative evaluations, which include pre-testing and competency exams, allow an organization to assess the strengths and weaknesses in their approach to their goals, staff, target audience for their services, and even their advertising campaignFormative evaluations also help an organization discover if any changes need to be made, if they can be made, or if the program is not going to succeed. By testing messages, products, and services on small groups also helps an organization work out kinks before implementing it on a larger scale. By taking the data gained from a finished formative evaluation an organization can get a better idea of their company, its workers, and its clients and will help them decide if it is better to sink, or hopefully more often, swim. Summative evaluations include any combination of measurements and judgments that allow conclusions about the impact, outcome, and benefits of a program or method. Allowing an organization to stick to such an out of the box, abstract, non-linear form of evaluating it can pick and chose what will get them the most information the fastest.This can be, by far, the most efficient way to help an organization make progress. With an organization that has a lot of different sections, like this one, it can produce the best progress reports because there is not a single mainline format that has to be followed Just whatever works. I believe I would find pre-post surveys with questions that have people rate things one through five, attendance sheets, and see to it sheets to keep record of happenings the most useful. In an organization that has sections that help polar opposite cases (e.g. unsalted adults neat from walking the line of a criminal who wish to find assistance in becoming rehabilitated and young mothers who have been abused and who have children who were abused that are looking for help with learning how to get through their fears and move on with life) there can not be one set way to document things.Surveys will always be near the top of the data collecting tools list because people can put whatever they want however they want and can truly express themselves if they so chose. An organization cannot necessarily ask two groups, like the two mentioned above, How did you feel when the counselor asked you to talk about your personal experiences with being abused, because the young adult who is looking to be rehabilitated may not have been abused. Attendance sheets are a very important part of an organization as well because it will allow the organization to know how many people they are reaching and if they need to step their game up or not.ReferencesCommonwealth of Massachusetts. (2013). http//www.mass.gov/anf/budget-taxes-and- procurement/working-for-you/community-innovation-challenge-grant/. Retrieved from http//www.mass.gov/anf/budget-taxes-and-procurement/working-for-you/community-innovation- challenge-grant/National Network to End Domest ic Violence. (2012). Family Violence Prevention Services Act. Retrieved from http//www.nnedv.org/policy/issues/fvpsa.html United States Interagency Council on Homelessnes. (2011). Family Violence Prevention and Services Act. Retrieved fromhttp//www.usich.gov/funding_programs/programs/family_violence_prevention_and_services_act/ University of Phoenix. (2012). Appendix B. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, HSM270 Program Planning and Grant Proposal Writing in Human Services website. Weill Cornell Medical College. (2013).http//weill.cornell.edu/research/grants_and_contracts/research_development/se

Games to Life Essay Example for Free

Games to Life EssayPong, Super Mario Bros. , and Pac-Man be a couple classic games most e rattlingone has played. These games were some of the first video games ever made and had very little to no violence in them. These video games have now evolved into more graphic, gory, and violent games. This increase violence in video games has caused more aggression in society. On April 20th, 1999 at Columbine amply School in Colorado a shooting occurred defeating 12 students, 1 teacher and excessively injured 24 other students. Two students were the cause of this shooting. The two seniors played video games religiously and were abundant fans of a game named Doom.Doom is a game where players is a space marine who must iron his way through hordes of invading demons from Hell. The two shooters liked and played this game so much that tear down designed their own found off of it. Eric and Dylans, the two shooters, game was created based on the Columbine high Schools floor plan. Thei r game contained characters based off student at their direct whom they did not like. When students, in their game, that believed in God would die they would say My Lord, why did you do this to me? which is what Eric and Dylan believed they would say as they would kill them.When a newer game called Duke Nukem came out, a similar game to Doom, Eric and Dylan were quick to design another levels based on Columbine High School. In this game they had more realistic guns and bombs, which the shooters liked. They also mapped out how they would invade the school and whom they would target in these levels they created. Through both these games, that Eric and Dylan loved to play, inspired them to create there own games using their school as a layout and students as the characters. They planned out how they would approach their shooting and where they would place their bombs based on what they did in their games.They knew whom they would kill first and where they would be. They also placed bombs around the school as they would in the game that thankfully did not go off. Video games have become a big firearm of our culture in todays society. When video games first came out they were simple, friendly, and non-violent. Since then video games have become more sophisticated, completive, and especially more violent. Eric and Dylans shooting on their school was an act of aggression supported from the violent videos games they played.

Should Capital Punishment to Be Abolished or Not Essay Example for Free

Should Capital Punishment to Be Abolished or Not adjudicateAn eye for an eye would make the whole world blind. Mahatma Gandhi. This is a famous quote that many tribe cite when they pitch for the abolishment of capital penalisation ( stopping point penalization) from the judicial process. The lengthy list of the terms which be non quite acceptable in a democracy begins with terms like capital penalisation and goal penalty. That, however, doesnt mean that this form of punishment is not acceptable in a democracy. In fact, two of the largest democracies in the world India and the United defers of the advances, both stick out the preparedness for capital punishment as a part of their legal system. Indeed, the decision that capital punishment may be the appropriate sanction in utmost(prenominal) crusades is an expression of the communitys belief that certain crimes are themselves so grievous an affront to humanity that the all adequate response may be the penalty o f remnant. Capital punishment is a barbarous pick from a less enlightened and refined age it is incongruous and incompatible with our present standard of shade and humanity.It has been abolished by many states and countries, and we must look for ward to the day when the other governments go away follow casing Capital punishment, also known as demolition penalty, is essentially the exe carvinging of an individual as punishment for offense by a state. The crimes which can lead to capital punishment are called capital crimes or capital offenses. Earlier, the killing of criminals and political opp atomic number 53nts was prevalent in most every civilization. With the time, nearly all European and several Pacific Area states (counting Australia, New Zealand and Timor Leste), and Canada make up abolished demolition penalty.The majority of states in Latin America have absolutely abolished capital punishment, however, a a few(prenominal) countries, like Brazil, use decease penal ty besides in special situations, for example, treachery committed during wartime. thither are still quite a few states and countries that retain the use of capital punishment, including the United States (the federal government and 36 of its states), Guatemala, majority of the Caribbean, Japan, India, and Africa (Botswana and Zambia). In almost all retentionist countries, capital punishment is granted as a penalty for planned murder, espionage, treachery, or as part of military justice.Recently, the grounds of Mohammad Afzal, a terrorist who was found guilty of instigating the attack on the Indian fan tan House, has cropped up the controversy regarding the Indian virtue of capital punishment. Right to Life Capital Punishment in India In India, capital punishment is granted for different crimes, counting murder, initiating a childs suicide, instigating war against the government, acts of terrorism, or a second evidence for drug trafficking. remnant penalty is officially permi tted though it is to be used in the ra roost of rare cases as per the judgement of Supreme Court of India.Amongst the retentionist countries around the world, India has the lowest doing rate with just 55 people executed since independence in 1947. Since the condition of the rarest of rare is not exactly defined, some generation even less horrific murders have been awarded capital punishment owing to ridiculous justification by lawyers. Since 1992, there are about(predicate) 40 mercy petitions pending before the president. The proposals for abolishment of finale execration for petty offences was brought about but there was a lot of hue and clapperclaw from lawyers , judges and parliamentarians and the so called protectors of social order.Six times the House of Commons passed the bill and six times the House of Lords rejected the kindred. With the passage of time, the voice for abolition of expiration penalty grew stronger over the world especially in Britain. However, in spi te of opposition, the bill was passed and the number of cases in which capital punishment was awarded was reduced year after year and closing penalty was reserved for offences like murder and treason. Currently, in the world 133 countries have abolished capital punishment dejure or defacto. 64 countries have retained it.Bangladesh is one of them. (source Amnesty International Website) In UK , death penalty was abolished in 1965 except for offences of treason and certain forms of piracy and offences committed by members of the gird Forces during wartime. In India , the recent trend is clearly towards the abolition of death sentence. Before the amendment of Criminal Procedure enactment in 1955, it was obligatory for a court to give reasons for not awarding death sentence in case of murder. Under the Criminal Procedure figure, 1973, the court has to record reasons for awarding death sentence.A tender-hearted secondary of biography imprisonment is gaining judicial ground in Indi a . In a leading case of Bachan Sing v. State of Punjab(1980) 2 SCC 684,the Supreme Court held by a majority of four to one that the provisions of death sentence as an alternative punishment for murder in section 302 of penal Code was not erroneous and was in the public bear on. The dissenting view of judge Bhagwati was that instead of death sentence, the sentence of life imprisonment should be imposed. He put emphasis on barbarity and pitilessness involved in death sentence.It is irrevocable and cannot be recalled. It extinguishes the flame of life for ever. It is destructive of the chastise to life which is the most precious right of all, a right without which enjoyment of no other right is possible. Justice Bhagwati rejects the view that death penalty acts as a disapproverent against latent murderers. According to him, this view is a myth which has been carefully nurtured by a society which is actuated not so much by logic or reason as by a sense of retribution. Conclusion It has been pledged in the preamble of the republics constitution that equality and justice will be secured for all citizens. The liberation heroes had dedicated their lives with a view to establishing a welfare state in which entire human rights and freedoms and respect for the dignity and cost of the human person shall be guaranteed. Protection against cruel, inhuman, or degrading punishment is a funda psychological right under art. 35 (4) of the constitution. So time has come to reconsider death sentence as a means of punishment.The worlds trend is precisely towards the correction of the offenders in lieu of inflicting cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment. Bangladesh as a democratic country cannot lag behind. The state is undergoing cumulative increase of crimes owing to a great fill out of factors such as lack of good governance, absence of rule of law, corruption, patronisation of terrorists, wide gap between the haves and have-nots, confrontational politics and so on. I nstead of giving emphasis on removing these factors, we are wrongly attempting to check crimes by inflicting exemplary punishment.What is a rarest of rare case? In the Bachan Singh judgment of 1980, the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty should be used only in the rarest of rare cases. More than a quarter of a century later, it is clear that through the failure of the courts and the State authorities to apply consistently the procedures lay knock off by law and by that judgment, the Courts strictures remain unfulfilled. In a judgment delivered in December 2006, a Supreme Court bench admitted the Courts failure to evolve a sentencing policy in capital cases (Aloke Nath Dutta and ors. . State of West Bengal (MANU/SC/8774/2006)). The bench examined judgments over the past two decades in which the Supreme Court adjudicated upon whether a case was one of the rarest of the rare or not and concluded What would constitute a rarest of rare case must be determined in the fact situat ion obtaining in each case sic. We have also noticed hereinbefore that different criteria have been adopted by different benches of this Court, although the offences are akin in nature.Because the case involved offences under the same provision, the same by itself may not be a ground to lay down any uniform criteria for awarding a death penalty or a lesser penalty as several factors therefore are required to be taken into consideration. The frustration of the Court was evident when it stated No sentencing policy in clear cut terms has been evolved by the Supreme Court. What should we do? In that particular ruling, the Court commuted the appellants death sentence.On the same day, however, another bench of the Supreme Court upheld the death sentence imposed on an appellant who had convicted of murdering his married woman and four children (Bablu Mubarik Hussain v. State of Rajasthan (AIR 2007 SC 697)). After referring to the importance of reformation and rehabilitation of offender s as among the foremost objectives of the presidency of criminal justice in the country, the judgment merely referred to the appellants declaration of the murders as evidence of his lack of remorse.There was no discussion of the specific situation of the appellant, the motive for the killings or the possibility of reform in his case. Death Penalty Statistics A look at the death penalty statistics of the world reveals that around 90 part of the countries have already abolished the death penalty. These countries include Portugal, Venezuela, France, Canada, etc. This, however, hasnt turned out to be as high-yield as expected, because some of the major countries in the world, including China, India and the United States, still ontinue the use of death penalty execution as a part of their legal system. Statistics also reveal that approximately 80 percent of the death penalty executions the world over, come from the Asian countries, with China at the forefront with the highest executio n rate in the world. In fact, the number of executions in China alone in 2008 was double the number of executions in the rest of the world combined for that year. CONSTITUTIONALITY OF DEATH PENALTY IN INDIAImposing of death sentence is one function that always gets more attention to be discussed, including from the view of primitive validity in each countries. A serious discussion regarding to death sentence in Indonesia, whether it should be continued or abolished, has come up before the Court after some applicant applied a petition to Indonesian thoroughgoing Court in order to challenge the constitutionality of death penalty in Drugs and Narcotic Act against the provision of Rights to Life on Indonesian Constitution, 1945.This article is the first chapter of several other chapters with the topic of death penalty which will be flattened on the following days. *** The provision of death penalty as an alternative punishment for murder under s. 302, IPC1 was challenged as constitut ionally invalid being violate of Arts. 14,2 193 and 214 of the Constitution in a series of cases. It was contended in Jagmohan Singh v. State of U. P. 5 that the constitutional validity of death sentence has to be tried with reference to Arts. 14 and 19 besides Art. 1 of the Constitution as the right to life is fundamental to the enjoyment of all these freedoms as contained in Art. 19 of the Constitution. It was further contended that the Code of Criminal Procedure convinced(p) the procedure of finding guilt of an accused but regarding the sentence to be awarded under s. 302, IPC the unguided and lordless discretion has been left to the Judge to decide the sentence to be awarded. The Supreme Court held that the death sentence as an alternative punishment under s. 302, IPC s not unreasonable and it is in the public interest and the procedural safeguard provided to the accused under the Code of Criminal Procedure is not unreasonable difference the discretion with the judge to sent ence an accused, convicted for murder either to death or life imprisonment Death sentence as an alternative punishment for life was held valid. Though the court did not accept the fray that the validity of the sentence to death has to be tested in the light of Arts. 14 and 10 of the Constitution. only if in Rajendra Prasad v. State of U. P. 6 the court accept the proposition that the validity of the death sentence can be tested with reference to Arts. 14, 19 and 21 of the Constitution. The Supreme Court suggested that in exceptional circumstances death sentence should be imposed only when public interest, social defence and public order would warrant. such extreme penalty should be imposed in extreme circumstances. The court in Barchan Singh v. State of Punjab7 upheld that constitutional validity of death sentence. The court reasoned that penal law does not attract Art. 19(1) of the Constitution.If the impact of the law on nay of the rights under Art. 19(1) is merely incidental, indirect, remote or collateral, Art. 19 would not be ready(prenominal) for testing its validity. Accordingly, the court held that s. 302, IPC for its validity would not require to qualify the test of Art. 19. The procedure provided in the Code of Criminal Procedure for imposing capital punishment for murder cannot be said to be unfair, unreasonable and unjust. But Justice Bhagwati in his dissenting judgment held that s. 302, IPC and s. 354(3), Cr PC violation of Arts. 4 and 21 as these provisions confers unguided power on the court which irrational and arbitrary. Thus, death sentence should be imposed in the rarest of the rare case. The Supreme Court in Machhi Sing v State of Punjab8 laid down the broad outlines of the circumstances when death sentence should be imposed. It should be considered whether there is something uncommon about the crime and the compelling circumstances for imposing death sentence after giving maximum pitch age of the mitigating circumstances which is fav our of the accused.Jumman Kahn was facing the gallows on being sentenced to death for having brutally raped and strangulated to death a six year old girl named Sakina. The convict challenged the death sentence and its constitutionality. 9 It was argued that death penalty is not only outmoded, unreasonable, cruel and unusual punishment but also defies the dignity of the individual and the bulge needs reconsideration which stands like sentinel over human misery, degradation and oppression.The Supreme Court musical composition endorsing its earlier view as to the constitutionality of death sentence held that the failure to impose death sentence is such grave cases here it is a crime against the society, particularly in case of murders with extreme brutality will bring to naught the sentence of death penalty provided by s. 302 of IPC. The only punishment which the convict deserves for having committed the reprehensible and gruesome murder of the innocent child to satisfy his lust is n othing but death as a measure of social necessity and also a means of deterring other potential offenders. The Supreme Court in earlier case Banchan Singh v.State Punjab10 upheld the constitutional validity of imposition of death sentence as an alternative to life imprisonment and it was further that it is not violate of Arts. 14 and 21 of the Constitution. Chief Justice Chandrachud expressing the view of the three Judges of the Supreme Court in Sher Singh v State of Punjab11 held that death sentence is constitutionally valid and permissible within the constrains of the rule in Bachan Singh (supra). This has to be accepted as the law of the land. The decisions rendered by this court after full debate has to be accepted without mental reservation until they are set aside.The challenge touching the constitutionality of the death sentence also surfaced in Triveniben v State of Gujarat12 and in Allauddins case13 and the Supreme Court asserted affirmatively that the Constitution does not prohibit the death penalty. It is in the rare cases, the legislature in its wisdom, considered it necessary impose the extreme punishment of death to deter others and to protect the society. The choice of sentence is left with the rider that the judge may visit the convict with extreme punishment provided there exist special reasons for doing so.